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One-time tables for two-party computation. (English) Zbl 0931.94007

Hsu, Wen-Lian (ed.) et al., Computing and combinatorics. 4th annual international conference, COCOON ’98, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC, August 12–14, 1998. Proceedings. Berlin: Springer. Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 1449, 361-370 (1998).
Summary: In two-party secure computation, a pair of mutually-distrusting and potentially malicious parties attempt to evaluate a function \(f(x,y)\) of private inputs \(x\) and \(y\), held respectively by each, without revealing anything but \(f(x,y)\) and without involving a trusted third party. This goal has been achieved with varying degrees of generality and efficiency using a variety of primitives, including combined oblivious transfer (OT) [O. Goldreich, S. Micali and A.Wigderson, How to play any mental game, or a completeness theorem for protocols with honest majority, Proc. 19th STOC, ACM, 218-229 (1987)], abstract oblivious transfer [J. Kilian, Founding cryptography on oblivious transfer, Proc. 20th STOC, ACM, 20-29 (1988)], and committed oblivious transfer [C. CrĂ©peau, J. van de Graaf, Advances in Cryptology – Crypto ’95 Proceedings, Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 963, 110-123 (1995; Zbl 0876.94026)].
This work introduces the concept of a two-party one-time table (OTT), a novel primitive that is theoretically equivalent to precomputed OT. The OTT is tailored to support field computations rather than single-bit logical operations, thereby streamlining higher-level computations, particularly where information-theoretic security is demanded.
The two-party one-time table is also motivated by the ease with which it can be constructed using simple resources provided by one or more partly-trusted external servers. This commodity-based approach strengthens overall security by ensuring that information flows strictly from servers to Alice and Bob, removing the need to trust third parties with the sensitive data itself.
For the entire collection see [Zbl 0895.00047].

MSC:

94A60 Cryptography
68P25 Data encryption (aspects in computer science)

Citations:

Zbl 0876.94026
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