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Natural convection in a partially open square cavity with internal heat source: an analysis of the opening mass flow. (English) Zbl 1211.80012

Summary: A steady buoyancy-driven flow of air in a partially open square 2D cavity with internal heat source, adiabatic bottom and top walls, and vertical walls maintained at different constant temperatures is investigated numerically in this work. A heat source with 1% of the cavity volume is present in the center of the bottom wall. The cold right wall contains a partial opening occupying 25%, 50% or 75% of the wall. The influence of the temperature gradient between the verticals walls was analyzed for \(Ra_{e} = 10^{3}-10^{5}\), while the influence of the heat source was evaluated through the relation \(R = Ra_{i}/Ra_{e}\), investigated at between 400 and 2000. Interesting results were obtained. For a low Rayleigh number, it is found that the isotherm plots are smooth and follow a parabolic shape indicating the dominance of the heat source. But as the \(Ra_{e}\) increases, the flow slowly becomes dominated by the temperature difference between the walls. It is also observed that multiple strong secondary circulations are formed for fluids with a small \(Ra_{e}\) whereas these features are absent at higher \(Ra_{e}\). The comprehensive analysis is concluded with horizontal air velocity and temperature plots for the opening. The numerical results show a significant influence of the opening on the heat transfer in the cavity.

MSC:

80A20 Heat and mass transfer, heat flow (MSC2010)
76R10 Free convection
76M12 Finite volume methods applied to problems in fluid mechanics
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