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Short locally testable codes and proofs. (English) Zbl 1309.68220
Goldreich, Oded (ed.), Studies in complexity and cryptography. Miscellanea on the interplay between randomness and computation. In collaboration with Lidor Avigad, Mihir Bellare, Zvika Brakerski, Shafi Goldwasser, Shai Halevi, Tali Kaufman, Leonid Levin, Noam Nisan, Dana Ron, Madhu Sudan, Luca Trevisan, Salil Vadhan, Avi Wigderson, David Zuckerman. Berlin: Springer (ISBN 978-3-642-22669-4/pbk). Lecture Notes in Computer Science 6650, 333-372 (2011).
Summary: We survey known results regarding locally testable codes and locally testable proofs (known as PCPs), with emphasis on the length of these constructs. Local testability refers to approximately testing large objects based on a very small number of probes, each retrieving a single bit in the representation of the object. This yields super-fast approximate-testing of the corresponding property (i.e., be a codeword or a valid proof). We also review the related concept of local decodable codes.
The survey consists of two independent (i.e., self-contained) parts that cover the same material at different levels of rigor and detail. Still, in spite of the repetitions, there may be a benefit in reading both parts.
For the entire collection see [Zbl 1220.68005].

##### MSC:
 68W20 Randomized algorithms 68P30 Coding and information theory (compaction, compression, models of communication, encoding schemes, etc.) (aspects in computer science) 68Q25 Analysis of algorithms and problem complexity 68Q60 Specification and verification (program logics, model checking, etc.) 94B60 Other types of codes
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