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On Kahane’s ultraflat polynomials. (English) Zbl 1170.42001
The paper at hand is a serious piece of work. The topic is, unsurprisingly, Kahane’s ultraflat polynomials and the authors address two main issues: improving the error term and explicit construction. The authors’ main result is that for every $$\epsilon>0$$ and positive integer $$N$$ there is a function $$f:\{0,\dots,N\}\rightarrow S^1$$ such that $|\widehat{f}(\theta)| = \sqrt{n} + O_\epsilon(n^{1/2-1/9 + \epsilon}) \text{ for all } \theta \in \mathbb T.$ Moreover, this functions is effectively constructable meaning that all the coefficients are given explicitly in terms of elementary fnctions and Legendre or Jacobi symbols evaluated at square-free numbers in prescribed intervals.
This error term considerably improves the previous best and the problem of explicit constructability was previously unresolved. In fact the $$O_\epsilon(n^\epsilon)$$ can be improved to a power of $$\log n$$ if one isn’t concerned about constructability and $$\exp(O(\log n / \log \log n))$$ otherwise.
There is an extensive introduction and plan of the paper which makes clear how the results proceed and which ingredients are involved; this is a very welcome and arguably necessary part of the paper.

##### MSC:
 42A05 Trigonometric polynomials, inequalities, extremal problems
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