## Johann Faulhaber and sums of powers.(English)Zbl 0797.11026

Summary: Early 17th-century mathematical publications of Johann Faulhaber contain some remarkable theorems, such as the fact that the $$r$$-fold summation of $$1^ m$$, $$2^ m, \dots, n^ m$$ is a polynomial in $$n(n+r)$$ when $$m$$ is a positive odd number. The present paper explores a computation-based approach by which Faulhaber may well have discovered such results, and solves a 360-year-old riddle that Faulhaber presented to his readers. It also shows that similar results hold when we express the sums in terms of central factorial powers instead of ordinary powers. Faulhaber’s coefficients can moreover be generalized to noninteger exponents, obtaining asymptotic series for $$1^ \alpha + 2^ \alpha + \cdots + n^ \alpha$$ in powers of $$n^{-1} (n+1)^{-1}$$.

### MSC:

 11B83 Special sequences and polynomials 01A45 History of mathematics in the 17th century 11B37 Recurrences 30E15 Asymptotic representations in the complex plane
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### References:

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