×

Low- and mid-frequency wall-pressure sources in a turbulent boundary layer. (English) Zbl 1486.76055

Summary: Simultaneous wall-pressure and high-speed particle image velocimetry measurements were used to identify the coherent structures that generate low- and mid-frequency wall-pressure fluctuations in a turbulent boundary layer at a friction Reynolds number of \(Re_\tau =2600\). The coherence function between wall pressure and velocity at a range of wall-normal locations revealed two distinct frequency bands of high coherence that span the low- and mid-frequency regions of the wall-pressure spectrum. Pressure was filtered to isolate the frequencies associated with each region of high coherence, and space-time pressure-velocity correlations were computed using the filtered signals to expose the motions responsible for the observed pressure-velocity coupling. The resulting correlation patterns were attributed to very-large-scale motions (VLSMs) and hairpin packets, revealing that these two types of coherent motions are the dominant sources of wall-pressure fluctuations at the low and mid frequencies. Although the VLSMs and hairpin packets are closely related, the mechanisms by which these motions affect wall pressure were found to be different. The VLSMs were found to cause positive and negative wall-pressure fluctuations via splatting and lifting of fluid at the wall, respectively. In contrast, hairpin packets affected wall pressure because of their low-pressure vortex cores and regions of high-pressure stagnation. The frequency at which the wall-pressure source changes from the VLSMs to the hairpin packets coincided with the peak of the wall-pressure spectrum, suggesting that the peak may be a result of the transition between pressure sources that occurs at the same point in the frequency domain.

MSC:

76F40 Turbulent boundary layers
76-05 Experimental work for problems pertaining to fluid mechanics
PDFBibTeX XMLCite
Full Text: DOI

References:

[1] Adrian, R.J.2007Hairpin vortex organization in wall turbulence. Phys. Fluids19, 041301. · Zbl 1146.76307
[2] Ahn, B.K., Graham, W.R. & Rizzi, S.A.2010A structure-based model for turbulent-boundary-layer wall pressures. J. Fluid Mech.650, 443-478. · Zbl 1189.76289
[3] Arguillat, B., Ricot, D., Bailly, C. & Robert, G.2010Measured wavenumber: frequency spectrum associated with acoustic and aerodynamic wall pressure fluctuations. J. Acoust. Soc. Am.128, 1647.
[4] Balakumar, B.J. & Adrian, R.J.2007Large- and very-large-scale motions in channel and boundary-layer flows. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A365, 665-681. · Zbl 1152.76369
[5] Beresh, S.J., Henfling, J.F. & Spillers, R.W.2013Very-large-scale coherent structures in the wall pressure field beneath a supersonic turbulent boundary layer. Phys. Fluids25, 095104.
[6] Brooks, T.F., Pope, D.S. & Marcolini, M.A.1989 Airfoil self-noise and prediction. NASA Reference Publication 1218.
[7] Buchmann, N.A., Kücükosman, Y.C., Ehrenfried, K. & Kähler, C.J.2016 Wall pressure signature in compressible turbulent boundary layers. Progress in Wall Turbulence 2, pp. 93-102. Springer.
[8] Bull, M.K.1967Wall-pressure fluctuations associated with subsonic turbulent boundary layer flow. J. Fluid Mech.28 (4), 719-754.
[9] Bull, M.K.1996Wall-pressure fluctuations beneath turbulent boundary layers: some reflections on forty years of research. J. Sound Vib.190 (3), 299-315.
[10] Chung, D. & Mckeon, B.J.2010Large-eddy simulation of large-scale structures in long channel flow. J. Fluid Mech.661, 341-364. · Zbl 1205.76146
[11] Cockburn, J.A. & Robertson, J.E.1974Vibration response of spacecraft shrouds to in-flight fluctuating pressures. J. Sound Vib.33 (4), 399-425.
[12] Corcos, G.M.1964The structure of the turbulent pressure field in boundary-layer flows. J. Fluid Mech.18 (3), 353-378. · Zbl 0117.20705
[13] Dennis, D.J.C. & Nickels, T.B.2008On the limitations of Taylor’s hypothesis in constructing long structures in a turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech.614, 197-206. · Zbl 1155.76031
[14] Dennis, D.J.C. & Nickels, T.B.2011aExperimental measurement of large-scale three-dimensional structures in a turbulent boundary layer. Part 2. Long structures. J. Fluid Mech.673, 218-244. · Zbl 1225.76034
[15] Dennis, D.J.C. & Nickels, T.B.2011bExperimental measurement of large-scale three-dimensional structures in a turbulent boundary layer. Part 2. Vortex packets. J. Fluid Mech.673, 180-217. · Zbl 1225.76009
[16] Elsinga, G.E., Adrian, R.J., Van Oudheusden, B.W. & Scarano, F.2010Three-dimensional vortex organization in a high-Reynolds-number supersonic turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech.644, 35-60. · Zbl 1189.76023
[17] Farabee, T.M. & Casarella, M.J.1991Spectral features of wall pressure fluctuations beneath turbulent boundary layers. Phys. Fluids A3, 2410.
[18] Ffowcs Williams, J.E. & Hall, L.H.1970Aerodynamic sound generation by turbulent flow in the vicinity of a scattering half plane. J. Fluid Mech.40 (4), 657-670. · Zbl 0201.29001
[19] Ganapathisubramani, B., Hutchins, N., Monty, J.P., Chung, D. & Marusic, I.2012Amplitude and frequency modulation in wall turbulence. J. Fluid Mech.712, 61-91. · Zbl 1275.76138
[20] Ghaemi, S. & Scarano, F.2013Turbulent structure of high-amplitude pressure peaks within the turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech.735, 381-426. · Zbl 1294.76017
[21] Gibeau, B. & Ghaemi, S.2020The mode B structure of streamwise vortices in the wake of a two-dimensional blunt trailing edge. J. Fluid Mech.884, A12. · Zbl 1460.76237
[22] Gibeau, B., Gingras, D. & Ghaemi, S.2020Evaluation of a full-scale helium-filled soap bubble generator. Exp. Fluids61, 28.
[23] Goody, M.2004Empirical spectral model of surface pressure fluctuations. AIAA J.42 (9), 1788-1794.
[24] Gravante, S.P., Naguib, A.M., Wark, C.E. & Nagib, H.M.1998Characterization of the pressure fluctuations under a fully developed turbulent boundary layer. AIAA J.36 (10), 1808-1816.
[25] Hayes, M.H.1996Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modeling. John Wiley & Sons.
[26] Hutchins, N., Chauhan, K., Marusic, I., Monty, J. & Klewicki, J.2012Towards reconciling the large-scale structure of turbulent boundary layers in the atmosphere and laboratory. Boundary-Layer Meteorol.145, 273-306.
[27] Hutchins, N. & Marusic, I.2007aEvidence of very long meandering features in the logarithmic region of turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech.579, 1-28. · Zbl 1113.76004
[28] Hutchins, N. & Marusic, I.2007bLarge-scale influences in near-wall turbulence. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A365, 647-664. · Zbl 1152.76421
[29] Hutchins, N., Monty, J.P., Ganapathisubramani, B., Ng, H.C.H. & Marusic, I.2011Three-dimensional conditional structure of a high-Reynolds-number turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech.673, 155-285. · Zbl 1225.76161
[30] Hwang, Y.F., Bonness, W.K. & Hambric, S.A.2009Comparison of semi-empirical models for turbulent boundary layer wall pressure spectra. J. Sound Vib.319, 199-217.
[31] Johansson, A.V., Her, J.Y. & Haritonidis, J.H.1987On the generation of high-amplitude wall-pressure peaks in turbulent boundary layers and spots. J. Fluid Mech.175, 119-142.
[32] Johnson, M.R. & Kostiuk, L.W.2000Efficiencies of low-momentum jet diffusion flames in crosswinds. Combust. Flame123, 189-200.
[33] Karangelen, C.C., Wilczynski, V. & Casarella, M.J.1993Large amplitude wall pressure events beneath a turbulent boundary layer. Trans. ASME J. Fluids Engng115 (4), 653-659.
[34] Keith, W.L., Hurdis, D.A. & Abraham, B.M.1992A comparison of turbulent boundary layer wall-pressure spectra. Trans. ASME J. Fluids Engng114 (3), 338-347.
[35] Kim, J.1983On the structure of wall-bounded turbulent flows. Phys. Fluids26, 2088. · Zbl 0522.76058
[36] Kim, K.C. & Adrian, R.J.1999Very large-scale motion in the outer layer. Phys. Fluids11 (2), 417. · Zbl 1147.76430
[37] Kim, J., Choi, J.I. & Sung, H.J.2002Relationship between wall pressure fluctuations and streamwise vortices in a turbulent boundary layer. Phys. Fluids14, 898. · Zbl 1184.76285
[38] Klewicki, J.C., Priyadarshana, P.J.A. & Metzger, M.M.2008Statistical structure of the fluctuating wall pressure and its in-plane gradients at high Reynolds number. J. Fluid Mech.609, 195-220. · Zbl 1175.76015
[39] Kobashi, Y. & Ichijo, M.1986Wall pressure and its relation to turbulent structure of a boundary layer. Exp. Fluids4, 49-55.
[40] Lee, J., Lee, J.H., Choi, J.I. & Sung, H.J.2014Spatial organization of large- and very-large-scale motions in a turbulent channel flow. J. Fluid Mech.749, 818-840.
[41] Lee, J.H. & Sung, H.J.2011Very-large-scale motions in a turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech.673, 80-120. · Zbl 1225.76162
[42] Leehey, P.1988Structural excitation by a turbulent boundary layer: an overview. J. Vib. Acoust. Stress Reliab.110 (2), 220-225.
[43] Lueptow, R.M.1995Transducer resolution and the turbulent wall pressure spectrum. J. Acoust. Soc. Am.97, 370-378.
[44] Marusic, I. & Hutchins, N.2008Study of the log-layer structure in wall turbulence over a very large range of Reynolds number. Flow Turbul. Combust.81, 115-130. · Zbl 1391.76178
[45] Mathis, R., Hutchins, N. & Marusic, I.2009Large-scale amplitude modulation of the small-scale structures in turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech.628, 311-337. · Zbl 1181.76008
[46] Mcgrath, B.E. & Simpson, R.L.1987 Some features of surface pressure fluctuations in turbulent boundary layers with zero and favorable pressure gradients. NASA Contractor Report 4051.
[47] Mellert, V., Baumann, I., Freese, N. & Weber, R.2008Impact of sound and vibration on health, travel comfort and performance of flight attendants and pilots. Aerosp. Sci. Technol.12, 18-25.
[48] Naka, Y.2009 Simultaneous measurement of fluctuating velocity and pressure in turbulent free shear flows. PhD thesis, Keio University.
[49] Naka, Y., Stanislas, M., Foucaut, J.-M., Coudert, S., Laval, J.-P. & Obi, S.2015Space-time pressure-velocity correlations in a turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech.771, 624-675.
[50] Palumbo, D.2012Determining correlation and coherence lengths in turbulent boundary layer flight data. J. Sound Vib.331, 3721-3737.
[51] Pan, C. & Kwon, Y.2018Extremely high wall-shear stress events in a turbulent boundary layer. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.1001, 012004.
[52] Panton, R.L., Goldman, A.L., Lowery, R.L. & Reischman, M.M1980Low-frequency pressure fluctuations in axisymmetric turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech.97 (2), 299-319.
[53] Panton, R.L. & Linebarger, J.H.1974Wall pressure spectra calculations for equilibrium boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech.65 (2), 261-287.
[54] Raffel, M., Willert, C.E., Scarano, F., Kähler, C., Wereley, S.T. & Kompenhans, J.2018Particle Image Velocimetry: A Practical Guide. Springer.
[55] Schewe, G.1983On the structure and resolution of wall-pressure fluctuations associated with turbulent boundary-layer flow. J. Fluid Mech.134, 311-328.
[56] Sciacchitano, A.2019Uncertainty quantification in particle image velocimetry. Meas. Sci. Technol.30, 092001.
[57] Sciacchitano, A. & Wieneke, B.2016PIV uncertainty propagation. Meas. Sci. Technol.27, 084006.
[58] Shaw, R.1960The influence of hole dimensions on static pressure measurements. J. Fluid Mech.7, 550-564. · Zbl 0089.20008
[59] Smits, A.J., Mckeon, B.J. & Marusic, I.2011High-Reynolds number wall turbulence. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.43, 353-375. · Zbl 1299.76002
[60] Thomas, A.S.W. & Bull, M.K.1983On the role of wall-pressure fluctuations in deterministic motions in the turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech.128, 283-322.
[61] Tsuji, Y., Fransson, J.H.M., Alfredsson, P.H. & Johansson, A.V.2007Pressure statistics and their scaling in high-Reynolds-number turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech.585, 1-40. · Zbl 1122.76044
[62] Tsuji, Y., Imayama, S., Schlatter, P., Alfredsson, P.H., Johansson, A.V., Marusic, I., Hutchins, N. & Monty, J.2012Pressure fluctuations in high-Reynolds-number turbulent boundary layer: results from experiments and DNS. J. Turbul.13 (50), 1-19. · Zbl 1273.76156
[63] Van Blitterswyk, J. & Rocha, J.2017An experimental study of the wall-pressure fluctuations beneath low Reynolds number turbulent boundary layers. J. Acoust. Soc. Am.141, 1257.
[64] Wieneke, B.2005Stereo-PIV using self-calibration on particle images. Exp. Fluids39 (2), 267-280.
[65] Wilby, J.F.1996Aircraft interior noise. J. Sound Vib.190 (3), 545-564.
[66] Willmarth, W.W.1975Pressure fluctuations beneath turbulent boundary layers. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.7, 13-36. · Zbl 0347.76038
[67] Willmarth, W.W. & Wooldridge, C.E.1962Measurements of the fluctuating pressure at the wall beneath a thick turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech.14 (2), 187-210. · Zbl 0106.40203
This reference list is based on information provided by the publisher or from digital mathematics libraries. Its items are heuristically matched to zbMATH identifiers and may contain data conversion errors. In some cases that data have been complemented/enhanced by data from zbMATH Open. This attempts to reflect the references listed in the original paper as accurately as possible without claiming completeness or a perfect matching.