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Intrinsic reasoning about functional programs. II: Unipolar induction and primitive-recursion. (English) Zbl 1046.03015
Summary: We continue our study, started in Part I [Ann. Pure Appl. Log. 114, 117–153 (2002; Zbl 0992.03037)], of reasoning about recursion equations in rudimentary theories for inductive data, dubbed intrinsic theories. We show that the functions that are provable using unipolar induction are precisely the primitive-recursive functions, where we call an instance of induction unipolar if data predicates do not occur in the induction formula both positively and negatively.
Two special cases of this result are well known, namely induction over $$\Sigma_1^0$$ and $$\Pi_1^0$$. Here, however, induction formulas may have unrestricted quantifier alternations as long as those quantifiers that are relativized to data do not violate the prescribed restriction. The main technical challenge is in showing that the functions provable by unipolar induction, even in classical logic, are primitive-recursive.
The result is generic with respect to the underlying inductive data, suggesting a potentially useful formalization of primitive-recursive mathematics.
##### MSC:
 03B70 Logic in computer science 68N18 Functional programming and lambda calculus 03D20 Recursive functions and relations, subrecursive hierarchies
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