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Algebraic methods in quantum logic. (English) Zbl 1314.03003
Olomouc: Palacký University, Faculty of Science (ISBN 978-80-244-4166-5/pbk). viii, 195 p. (2014).
The monograph (based on recent results of the authors) is devoted to the study of various algebraic structures that model non-classical logics, in particular MV-algebras, lattice effect algebras, commutative basic algebras, and non-associative BL-algebras (generalizations of Hájek’s BL-logics). MV-algebras are studied in Chapter 2. A direct proof of Di Nola’s representation theorem (and its extensions) is presented using Farkas’ lemma and the finite embedding theorem. A new proof of the completeness of the Łukasiewicz axioms is obtained as a by-product. It is proved that a tense semisimple MV-algebra is induced by a time frame. A tense MV-algebra is an MV-algebra with a couple of unary operators expressing universal time quantifiers. Lattice effect algebras are studied in Chapter 3. Finitely generated varieties of distributive lattice effect algebras are axiomatized and the free $$n$$-generator algebras in these varieties are described. Tense operators are constructed.
Chapter 4 is devoted to non-associative logics. A subdirectly irreducible commutative basic algebra that is not an MV-algebra is constructed for an arbitrary infinite cardinality. Basic properties of states on commutative basic algebras are presented. It is shown that the class of non-associative BL-algebras forms a variety generated by non-associative t-norms. The last chapter deals with state-operators. Characterizations of subdirectly irreducible state BL-algebras and subdirectly irreducible state-morphism BL-algebras are presented. A general theory of state-morphism algebras is given. Generators of varieties of state-morphism algebras are described, in particular for BL-algebras, MTL-algebras, non-associative BL-algebras and pseudo MV-algebras.
##### MSC:
 03-02 Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to mathematical logic and foundations 03G12 Quantum logic 03G25 Other algebras related to logic 06D35 MV-algebras 06F25 Ordered rings, algebras, modules 08A55 Partial algebras 81P10 Logical foundations of quantum mechanics; quantum logic (quantum-theoretic aspects)