×

Output feedback control of supercapacitors parallel charging system for EV applications: theoretical design and experimental validation. (English) Zbl 1425.93102

Summary: In this paper, the problem of controlling parallel charging system with supercapacitors for electric vehicle applications is considered. When the vehicle parks at the station, the charging process of supercapacitors needs to be completed in less than 30 seconds. The control objective is then to tightly regulate the supercapacitors state of charge (SOC) to a given reference constant and to ensure an adequate current sharing between different parallel chargers. Indeed, the current sharing is a critical issue for parallel charging system with supercapacitors, which is a nonlinear system with control inputs constraints. Besides, the SOC depends on the supercapacitors internal voltage, which is not accessible for measurement. Therefore, based on a large-signal model of the parallel-chargers-supercapacitors system, an output feedback controller (combining a state observer and a nonlinear control laws) is designed. The controller is formally shown to meet all objectives, namely, closed-loop stability, SOC reference tracking, and equal current sharing. The effectiveness of the proposed output feedback controller approach is verified both by simulation and by experimental tests.

MSC:

93B52 Feedback control
93D05 Lyapunov and other classical stabilities (Lagrange, Poisson, \(L^p, l^p\), etc.) in control theory
93C10 Nonlinear systems in control theory
PDFBibTeX XMLCite
Full Text: DOI

References:

[1] JingW, LaiCH, WongSHW, WongMLD. Battery‐supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system in standalone DC microgrids: a review. IET Renew Power Gener. 2017;11(4):461‐469.
[2] Wickramasinghe AbeywardanaDB, HredzakB, AgelidisVG. A fixed‐frequency sliding mode controller for a boost‐inverter‐based battery‐supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system. IEEE Trans Power Electron. 2017;32(1):668‐680.
[3] LiH, PengJ, LiuW, HuangZ. Stationary charging station design for sustainable urban rail systems: a case study at Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co., China. Sustainability. 2015;7:465‐481.
[4] FernaoP, Romero‐CadavalE, VinnikovD, RoastoI, MartinsJF. Power converter interfaces for electrochemical energy storage systems ‐ a review. Energ Conver Manage. 2014;86:453‐475.
[5] KimHS, KimJK, ParkKB, SeongHW, MoonGW, YounMJ. On/off control of boost PFC converters to improve light‐load efficiency in paralleled power supply units for servers. IEEE Trans Ind Electron. 2014;61(3):1235‐1242.
[6] SpykerRL, NelmsRM. Classical equivalent circuit parameters for a double‐layer capacitor. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst. 2000;36(3):829‐836.
[7] ThomasV, KumaravelS, AshokS. Control of parallel DC‐DC converters in a DC microgrid using virtual output impedance method. Paper presented at: 2nd International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Electronics, Information, Communication and Bio‐Informatics (AEEICB); 2016; Chennai, India.
[8] WangJB. Study of cable resistance and remote‐sensing scheme in parallel DC/DC converter system via primary droop current‐sharing control. IET Power Electron. 2012;5(6):885‐898.
[9] AnandS, FernandesBG. Modified droop controller for paralleling of dc-dc converters in standalone dc system. IET Power Electron. 2012;5(6):782‐789.
[10] RajagopalanJ, XingK, GuoY, LeeFC. Modeling and dynamic analysis of paralleled dc/dc converters with master-slave current sharing control. In: Proceedings of Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC’96); 1996; San Jose, CA.
[11] ChoiH, BaloghL. A cross‐coupled master-slave interleaving method for boundary conduction mode (BCM) PFC converters. IEEE Trans Power Electron. 2012;27(10):4202‐4211.
[12] MortezaeiA, GodoySM, MarafãoFP. Cooperative operation based master‐slave in islanded microgrid with CPT current decomposition. Paper presented at: 2015 IEEE on Power & Energy Society General Meeting; 2015; Denver, CO.
[13] RoslanAM, AhmedKH, FinneySJ, WilliamsBW. Improved instantaneous average current‐sharing control scheme for parallel connected inverter considering line impedance impact in micro‐grid networks. IEEE Trans Power Electron. 2011;26(3):702‐716.
[14] ZubietaL, BonertR. Characterization of double layer capacitors for power electronics applications. IEEE Trans Ind Appl. 2000;36(1):199‐205.
[15] El FadilF, GiriHF, GuerreroJM. Adaptive sliding mode control of interleaved parallel boost converter for fuel cell energy generation system. IMACS Trans Math Comput Simul. 2013;91:193‐210.
[16] El FadilH, GiriF. Robust nonlinear adaptive control of multiphase synchronous buck power converters. Control Eng Pract. 2009;17(11):1245‐1254.
[17] SalhiB, El FadilH, MagarottoE, Ahmed AliT, GiriF. Adaptive output feedback control of interleaved parallel boost converters associated with fuel‐cell. Electr Power Compon Syst. 2015;43(8‐10):1141‐1158.
[18] WatrinN, BlunierB, MiraouiA. Review of adaptive systems for lithium batteries state‐of‐charge and state‐of‐health estimation. In: Proceedings of IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo; 2012; Dearborn, MI.
[19] KrstićM, KanellakopoulosI, KokotovićPV. Nonlinear and Adaptive Control Design. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons; 1995.
[20] El FadilH, GiriF. Backstepping based control of PWM DC‐DC boost power converters. Int J Electr Power Eng. 2007;1(5):479‐485.
[21] TahriA, El FadilH, GiriF, ChaouiF‐Z. Nonlinear adaptive control of a hybrid fuel cell power system for electric vehicles – a Lyapunov stability based approach. Asian J Control. 2016;18:166‐177. · Zbl 1338.93199
[22] El FadilH, GiriF, GuerreroJM, TahriA. Modeling and nonlinear control of a fuel cell/supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system for electric vehicles. IEEE Trans Veh Technol. 2014;63(7):3011‐3018. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2014.2323181 · doi:10.1109/TVT.2014.2323181
[23] DongW, FarrellJA, PolycarpouMM, DjapicV, SharmaM. Command filtered adaptive backstepping. IEEE Trans Control Syst Technol. 2012;20(3):566‐580.
[24] KhalilH. Nonlinear Systems. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, Inc; 2003.
[25] MotaponSN, TremblayO, DessaintLA. Development of a generic fuel cell model: application to a fuel cell vehicle simulation. Int J Power Electron. 2012;4(6):505‐522.
This reference list is based on information provided by the publisher or from digital mathematics libraries. Its items are heuristically matched to zbMATH identifiers and may contain data conversion errors. In some cases that data have been complemented/enhanced by data from zbMATH Open. This attempts to reflect the references listed in the original paper as accurately as possible without claiming completeness or a perfect matching.