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Interactions and excitations of nonabelian vortices. (English) Zbl 1050.81560
Summary: We examine bosonic zero modes of vortices formed in the gauge breaking $$G\to H$$. For nonabelian $$G$$, zero modes are generic. Their solutions depend on global symmetry structure. Vortices render the embedding $$H\subset G$$ space dependent, with a dynamically determined subgroup $$\tilde H$$ single valued. They Aharonov-Bohm scatter gauge bosons associated with multivalued generators. Alice strings $$(H=\text{O}(2),\tilde H=\mathbb{Z}_ 2)$$ attract charges and scatter SO(2) ‘photons,’ and a two-string system has zero modes with unlocalizable ‘Cheshire’ charge. The resulting superconductivity has novel electrodynamics.

##### MSC:
 81R40 Symmetry breaking in quantum theory 81T30 String and superstring theories; other extended objects (e.g., branes) in quantum field theory 81V05 Strong interaction, including quantum chromodynamics
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